Volume 5 - 2014 - Issue 1


1. Taxonomic study on coprophilous species of Coprinopsis (Psathyrellaceae, Agaricales) from Punjab, India

Authors: Amandeep K, Atri NS, Munruchi K

Recieved: 18 November 2013, Accepted: 23 December 2013, Published: 18 January 2014

The diversity of Coprinopsis species has been studied from the coprophilous habitats throughout the Punjab state from 2007 to 2011. Twelve taxa namely C. cinerea, C. cothurnata var. equsterca, C. foetidella, C. lagopides var. lagopides, C. lagopus, C. macrocephala, C. nivea, C. pseudonivea, C. radiata, C. radiata var. macrocarpa, C. scobicola and C. vermiculiferaare reported. Out of these, C. radiata var. macrocarpa and C. cothurnata var. equsterca are proposed as new varieties and Coprinus foetidellus is transferred to Coprinopsis foetidella. Two species, viz. Coprinopsis pseudonivea and C. vermiculifera are first time records from India. In this paper, all these taxa are described, illustrated, and compared with similar species. A dichotomous key to aid in their identification is also given.

Keywords: Basidiomycota – deliquescent – diversity – pseudoparaphyses – systematics

 

2. The lichen genus Hypogymnia in southwest China

Authors: McCune B, Wang LS

Recieved: 11 October 2013, Accepted: 24 December 2013, Published: 20 January 2014

A total of 36 species of Hypogymnia are known from southwestern China. This region is a center of biodiversity for the genus. Hypogymnia capitata, H. nitida, H. saxicola, H. pendula, and H. tenuispora are newly described species from Yunnan and Sichuan.Olivetoric acid is new as a major lichen substance in Hypogymnia, occurring only in H. capitata. A key and illustrations are given for the species known from this region, along with five species from adjoining regions that might be confused or have historically been misidentified in this region.

Keywords: Lecanorales – lichenized ascomycetes – Parmeliaceae – Shaanxi – Sichuan – Tibet – Yunnan – Xizang

 

3. The first phylogenetic study of Kiliophora (Fungi, Anamorphic Xylariales)

Authors: Hidayat I, Harahap I, Rahayu G

Recieved: 08 November 2013, Accepted: 09 January 2014, Published: 21 January 2014

Kiliophora Kuthub. & Nawawi (Type: K. fusispora Kuthub. & Nawawi) was first described based on conidiophores bearing spindle-shaped conidia. Only two species have been reported worldwide, viz, K. fusispora and K. ubiensis Khutub. & Nawawi. During the study of fungal diversity on Shorea spp. in Indonesia, we found K. ubiensis and successfully obtained pure isolate of this fungus through single spore isolation method. Since the taxonomy placement of this genus in the subphylum Pezizomycotina is unknown, phylogenetic analyses was carried out based on Internal Transcribed Spacer of ribosomal DNA sequence by using Maximum Parsimony method. The phylogenetic tree suggested that genus Kiliophora should taxonomically be placed in the family Amphisphaeriaceae (Ordo Xylariales). This report is the first finding of K. ubiensis from Indonesia.

Keywords: Amphisphaeriaceae – ITS – Phylogenetic – Taxonomy – Xylariales

 

4. An update on the genera Ascobolus and Saccobolus with keys and descriptions of three coprophilous species, new to Italy

Authors: Doveri F

Recieved: 29 November 2013, Accepted: 28 December 2013, Published: 26 January 2014

Ascobolus aglaosporus, Ascobolus sacchariferus and Saccobolus obscurus are described and discussed. All author’s collections of 19 Ascobolus and 13 Saccobolus so far known from dung in Italy are listed, and each species illustrated by colour photos. Updated keys to coprophilous Ascobolus and Saccobolus species from Italy are provided.

Keywords: dichotomous keys – dung – records

 

5. An analysis of the climatic parameters needed for Tuber melanosporum cultivation incorporating data from six continents

Authors: Thomas PW

Recieved: 04 December 2013, Accepted: 06 January 2014, Published: 28 January 2014

Climatic parameters associated with sites producing Tuber melanosporum fruiting bodies within countries that have a natural population of Tuber melanosporum and those without such records were compared. Represented continents include Africa, Asia, Australia, Europe, North America and South America with only Antarctica remaining outside the scope of this study. The compiled data presents a broader than expected range of climatic parameters that are suitable for truffle cultivation. Development of fruiting orchards in countries that do not have a history of natural populations has expanded our understanding of the suitable climatic ranges of this species. Truffle cultivation is successful in areas that have a lower temperature and higher rainfall levels than expected. The data compiled here is of use to truffle scientists as well as cultivators in choosing suitable locations for a plantation.

Keywords: climate – orchard – rainfall – temperature – truffle

 

6. Macrofungi on the coastal sand dunes of south-western India

Authors: Ghate SD, Sridhar KR, Karun NC

Recieved: 06 January 2014, Accepted: 16 January 2014, Published: 09 February 2014

This paper documents the distribution and diversity of macrofungi in coastal sand dunes characterized by less, moderate and severe disturbance regimes of the south-western India. Diversity was higher in moderately disturbed dunes compared to less or severely disturbed dunes. Among the 38 macrofungi recovered, ten, six, two and one species were edible, ectomycorrhizal, medicinal and considered to be of decorative value, respectively. Ten macrofungi were dominant (≥5 fruit bodies/625 m2) on the coastal sand dunes. These were Amanita sp., Collybia dryophila var. extuberans, C. fusipes, Coprinus plicatilis, Dacryopinax spathularia, Lactarius sp., Lentinus squarrosulus, Marasmius kisangensis, Marasmius sp. 2 and Scleroderma citrinum). The coastal sand dunes are under severe anthropogenic pressure, especially urbanization, sand extraction, agricultural activities and seawall construction. The revegetated dunes are mainly represented by exotic tree species (e.g., Acacia and Casuarina), which are often harvested. Due to the removal of native vegetation and the ‘grow and harvest’ policy associated with exotic trees, the native flora, fauna and macrofungi of the coastal sand dunes are severely threatened. The results obtained in the present pilot study point out the need for long-term temporal and spatial investigation of the macrofungal resource of coastal sand dunes to gain a more comprehensive knowledge on their abundance, diversity, ecological significance, benefits and what must be done to implement strategies necessary for conservation.

Keywords: dunes - mushrooms - woodrot fungi - disturbance - conservation

 

7. Sporophore morphology and development in the myxomycetes: a review

Authors: Clark J, Haskins EF

Recieved: 18 November 2013, Accepted: 09 January 2014, Published: 09 February 2014

Since the sporophores of the myxomycetes are the primary basis of taxonomy in the myxomycetes, an understanding of the development and range of variations of the various morphological structures is essential to constructing a valid system. A review of the morphology of the stipe, peridium, capillitium, and spores and their developmental aspects was undertaken and the resulting morphological hypotheses tested against recent advancements in DNA phylogeny, isozyme and DNA population, and genetic reproduction studies.

Keywords: aethalium – epihypothallic – plasmodiocarp – slime-molds – sporangium – sporocarp – subhypothallic

 

8. Two Oudemansiella from a forest fragment in Southwestern Amazonia

Authors: Wartchow F, Teixeira-Silva M, Ribeiro MJ, Ribeiro SAL

Recieved: 06 January 2014, Accepted: 27 January 2014, Published: 17 February 2014

Oudemansiella macracantha and O. steffenii are reported for the first time from the State of Acre, North Brazil. We also discuss the importance of the slenderness of basidiomes and characteristics of the basidiospores for species segregation. Descriptions, discussions and drawings are also provided here.

Keywords: Agaricales – Agaricomycetes – Neotropic – Phylaracriaceae – taxonomy

 

9. Traditional use of Gymnopus nubicola as food resource in a Kichwa community, Pichincha, Ecuador

Authors: Gamboa-Trujillo JP, Wartchow F, Cerón C, Aules E, Aigaje C, Calvalcanti LH, Gibertoni TB

Recieved: 27 December 2013, Accepted: 06 February 2014, Published: 18 February 2014

Gymnopus nubicola is characterized by a strong smell and pleasant flavour, by a dark reddish brown to brick red pileus, adnexed, whitish to cream lamellae, inamyloid, hyaline, ellipsoid to lacrimoid basidiospores. Indigenous communities of Kichwa nationality, that inhabit vegetal formations called “páramos” of the Ecuadorian Andes, call it kallambas or kallambitas and use the mushrooms for direct alimentation. Sporadically it is sold in popular markets close to the communities. Gymnopus nubicola is hereby reported for the first time as an edible mushroom in the world.

Keywords: Andean ‘kichwa’communities – mushrooms – edible – ‘kallambas’– Ecuador

 

10. Coprophilous pyrenomycetes s.l. from the Tuscan Archipelago and adjacent peninsular coast: description of five species new to Italy

Authors: Doveri F

Recieved: 27 January 2014, Accepted: 11 February 2014, Published: 25 February 2014

All author’s collections of 55 pyrenomycetes s.l. so far known from dung in Tuscan coast and islands (Italy) are listed. Lophotrichus macrosporus, Pleospora ambigua, Rhytidospora cainii, Sporormiella isomera, Westerdykella cylindrica are described and discussed. A world-key to Rhytidospora speciesis provided.

Keywords: dichotomous key – dung – geographical coordinates – records

 

11. Notes on pyrenomycetous fungi in the Mountain Lake area of southwestern Virginia

Authors: Vasilyeva LN, Stephenson SL

Recieved: 22 November 2013, Accepted: 16 February 2014, Published: 28 February 2014

Results of a survey for pyrenomycetous fungi carried out in the upland forests of the Mountain Lake area of southwestern Virginia are presented. The list of species found includes 31 different entities. Four species–Diatrype aceris-rubri, Hypoxylon virginianum, Lopadostoma cryptosphaeroides, and Xylomelasma moderata–are described as new to science.

Keywords: ascomycetous fungi – Diatrype – Hypoxylon – Lopadostoma – upland forests – taxonomy – Xylomelasma

 

12. Influence of macro-scale environmental variables on diversity and distribution pattern of lichens in Badrinath valley, Western Himalaya

Authors: Gupta S, Khare R, Rai H, Upreti DK, Gupta RK, Sharma PK, Srivastava K, Bhattacharya P

Recieved: 27 January 2014, Accepted: 11 February 2014, Published: 28 February 2014

Morphological growth forms confer ecological adaptability to lichens species and are indicators of habitat conditions and various climatic as well as zooanthropogenic pressures. Lichens samples from six sites in two locations of Badrinath valley were studied in order to assess the influence of macro-scale environmental variables (i.e. altitude, relative humidity and temperature) on diversity and distribution of lichens, using ordination (PCA and hierarchical clustering) and correlation analysis. The study recorded 106 lichen species in the valley. Parmeliaceae was a dominant family. Lichen species constitution in sites resulted in different groups, which were determined by the dominant growth forms and substrate preferences. Lichen growth form distribution was significantly correlated with studied macro-scale environment variables. On rock (saxicolous) substrate was the main substrate of lichen inhabitancy in the valley. The study concluded that macro-scale environmental variables play determining role in lichen community constitution of alpine habitats in Himalayas.

Keywords: Cluster analysis – crustose – dimorphic – foliose – fruticose –Parmaliaceae – principal component analysis – saxicolous – terricolous

 

About Mycosphere

Mycosphere publishes reviews, research articles, methodology papers, taxonomic works such as monographs, which are relevant to fungal biology, including lichens. The official journal language is English.

Mycosphere journal of fungal bilology

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